Disability and Work Environment

Working life can present particular challenges for people with disabilities. Previous research has often focused on labour market measures rather than the work environment for those already employed. This knowledge overview aims to increase understanding of the factors that hinder or promote a healthy and inclusive work environment for people with mental, intellectual, and physical disabilities.

Results

The report highlights both challenges and enabling factors within the work environment, as well as how organisational aspects – such as leadership, workplace culture, and opportunities for adaptation – affect the experience of inclusion at work.
The findings show that flexibility, workplace adjustments, and supportive relationships are crucial to creating sustainable and inclusive work environments.

Inclusive Work Environments

To create inclusive work environments, employers need to place the individual’s needs at the centre. Measures should not be based on the type of disability itself, but rather on what the individual requires to perform their job in the best possible way – as illustrated in the model below.

Putting the Individual’s Needs First

Work environment measures must be tailored to the individual’s unique circumstances. A flexible view of work ability – analysing barriers and opportunities in relation to the individual’s tasks and work environment – is essential for achieving sustainable working conditions.

The Importance of Flexibility

Flexible working hours, adapted tasks, and possibilities for remote work can be crucial for employees with disabilities. At the same time, employers need to be attentive to avoid unintentionally creating barriers through standardised solutions.

Adaptations and Support

Access to appropriate accommodations – such as ergonomic aids, technical solutions, and individual support – enhances the ability to perform work tasks efficiently and without unnecessary obstacles. The report shows that such adjustments are often simpler and less costly than many employers assume.

The Importance of Recognition

An inclusive workplace is built on employees feeling valued and involved. Recognition of individual competence and contribution, along with a work climate free from discrimination, are central to job satisfaction and long-term employment security.

The Role of Colleagues and Relationships

Support from colleagues and a workplace culture that encourages openness and collaboration contribute to a more inclusive work environment. When employees have knowledge about disability, stigma can be reduced and a positive workplace culture promoted.

The Role of Leadership

Active and positive leadership creates the conditions for inclusion. Managers who understand disabilities and know how to adapt the work environment play a key role in promoting sustainable working lives for employees.

This report is written by:

Maria Norstedt, Malmö University
Per Germundsson, Malmö University

More info